Criteria for Success
A successful elevator pitch…
- Gets a stranger excited about your ideas.
- Uses simple language that is familiar to your audience.
- Includes a concise phrase that captures the value of your main message.
- Is executed in about 20 seconds to 1 minute.
Structure Diagram
Identify Your Purpose
An “elevator pitch” can be any verbal description of who you are, what you do, and why you do it—here, we’ll focus on pitching a scientific project. In all scenarios, you have one purpose: to secure the interest of the listener. A successful pitch should draw them in to hear your whole story. It doesn’t matter if you are introducing a professor to your poster at a conference or just chatting with a friend: your goal is to share your science in a way that your audience can access and get excited about.
Analyze Your Audience
A successful pitch prompts the listener to respond, “Interesting—tell me more!”. All decisions about content and delivery should be based on what will engage your audience.
Content
First, select pitch content by answering questions like “what aspect of my work will be most exciting to my audience?” When preparing a pitch to be delivered formally to a group, choose an aspect of your big problem and an application or advantage of your new thing that will interest the majority of the audience. When giving a pitch in a personal conversation, your pitch should be tailor-made for the specific person.
Here are some examples for the types of audiences and their possible interests to consider:
| Audience | Audience Interest | Pitch Focus |
| Scientist in your field | Learning about related science | How your work fills a specific knowledge gap in the field |
| Scientist in an adjacent field | Finding potential collaborations and sparking new ideas | How your work impacts or connects with theirs |
| Venture capitalist | Funding impactful projects | How your work uniquely solves an important problem |
| Your friend | Understanding why you do what you do | How your work connects to a concept they’ve heard about before |
Additionally, the focus of your pitch will change as your project evolves. Pitches for earlier-stage projects focus on the motivation and vision, while those for later-stage projects will include more information about the results.
For inspiration on tailoring your pitch content, check out the annotated examples linked at the bottom of the page!
Delivery
The way we write is different from the way we speak. When drafting your pitch on paper, you might find that your sentences and words tend to be longer and more complicated. This structure is nearly always overly rigid for a pitch and will feel forced when you try to deliver it aloud. Additionally, your audience will have difficulty following your ideas. Keep the sentence structure and words simple so that your delivery feels natural and your audience can follow the ideas you are presenting.
Skills
Keep it concise
Start by drafting a pitch. Don’t overthink it. Just jot down how you might respond to someone asking, “Hi. What are you working on? And why is it important?”
You may come up with something true and interesting, but long and involved. Listeners have a short attention span. To maximize your audience engagement, your pitch should not be longer than about 1 minute, ideally closer to 20 seconds.
To pare down your draft, cross out all the nonessential words until you feel you cannot cross out any more. Don’t worry about leaving complete sentences or phrases—push yourself to cut as much as possible. Now that you have a small handful of key words, insert as few words as possible to link together these concepts. Keep in mind that you are free to play with the order of your key words, leave out some where you see redundancy, or even decide that you do not need them after all.
Example pitch (key words bolded):
Chemotherapy resistance is a pressing problem in the treatment of cancer and has led to a rise in combinatorial treatments. Recently, it was shown that a cardiac drug is sometimes inactivated by bacteria in the gut but can regain effectiveness when given with antibiotics. I am studying the differences in the gut microbial communities of cancer patients receiving doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent, to discover if antibiotics could be useful in cancer combinatorial therapies.
Author Tip: I find it easiest to start with my one-sentence project summary and then add the motivation pieces I need to create value for that idea.
Limit new terminology
People will not understand your pitch if you try to introduce too many new things. Look back at those key nouns and verbs previously identified and assess how your audience will relate to those words. Try to limit the number of definitions and amount of jargon in your pitch.
Definitions
How many definitions, words followed by a clarifying phrase, are in your pitch?
You can keep one of those, but for the rest, toss the defined word or phrase and keep the clarifying phrase.
Example Pitch:
The human gut microbiome, the community of bacteria that live in our intestine, is a key determiner of human health.
Jargon
Are there any specific terms that you think your audience will not understand? We will call those words “jargon.” They need to be replaced or removed.
There is “obvious jargon,” which refers to words completely foreign to your audience, such as “iPSCs” or “monoubiquitylation.” These are useful in highly specialized arenas but are not helpful for most audiences. Often you can substitute these words with less specific words or cut them from the pitch altogether.
There is also “insidious jargon,” which refers to words that have a different definition in your field than they do in the general population. For example, “work” has a definition in physics that is completely different from the definition in the general population. Though the word “work” is not foreign to an audience of non-scientists/engineers, it may still trip them up if you mean to use it in the physics sense. Using these words will not only lead to a miscommunication but will be a distraction from your pitch.
Practice!
In conversation, we change our energy, speed, and volume naturally when speaking casually. When we have a more formal venue, our focus or our nerves can make us fall flat and bore our audience. Practice dynamics and delivery. Give your serious, concerned face when you talk about your big problem. Pick up the energy when you introduce your ideas. Smile when you share your vision for a better future.
To improve your delivery, get feedback from others. People outside of your field can help you identify jargon and make sure you are addressing a problem your audience cares about. It can also be helpful to watch a recording of yourself for an outside perspective. If you aren’t sure what type of situations you might need to deliver your pitch in or want to iteratively boil down your core message for the pitch, a great strategy is to practice with increasingly shorter time (e.g. start with 2 min, then try 1 min, then 30 sec in rapid succession) – this is an exercise called Half-Life.
And lastly, practice—again!
Updated in April 2026, with help from Kasey Love and Sarah Nemsick, Communication Fellows
Annotated examples (April 2026) are created by Sarah Nemsick
Resources and Annotated Examples
*NEW* Annotated examples of elevator pitches
Annotated examples including pitches from different areas of BE, for experts vs general audience, for projects at various stages of development, and a detailed look at the process of improving a pitch, 290 KB
Gastrointestinal disease treatment pitch
This pitch was prepared by an MIT research team to share their work via an MIT News video. 270 KB